The flag of the Ottoman Empire.
The flag of the Ottoman Empire.

The Ottoman Empire-
Geography: The Ottoman Empire controlled much of the same territory as the Roman Empire, stretching from Algeria in the east to Azerbaijan in the east and from Vienna in the north to Yemen in the south.
Religion: The Ottoman Empire was an Islamic empire, with a minority of Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Judaism and Shiaism practicers.
Achievements: They developed cannons and were one of three empires to use them in warfare. They also had a simple government system.
Politics: The Ottoman army used tactics similar to those of the Mongols, and claimed Constantinople as the capital of the empire.
Economy: The economy grew as each successive capital city was turned into a commercial and industrial industry. They needed merchants and artisans to create a metropolis.
Social Structures: Slavery was a big part of the empire.

The flag of the Safavid Empire.
The flag of the Safavid Empire.

The Safavid Empire-
Geography: The Safavid Empire controlled most of Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, parts of India and Russia.
Religion: Like the Ottoman and Mughal empires, the Safavid empire was Islamic.
Achievements:The Safavid Empire was one of three empires to use small arms and an early version of the cannon in warfare.
Art was important in the Safavid Empire. Physicians in this empire were highly advanced, with advances in pharmacology
Politics: This empire had a balanced government, and had an early court system much like the system we use today.
Economy: The economy of the Safavid empire grew through trade along the Silk Road. They traded silk, horses, spices, pearls, and coffee.
Social Structures: Their bureaucracy was based on checks and balances. The empire could be considered a meritocracy, a society in which officials were appointed on the basis of worth and merit, and not on the basis of birth.

The flag of the Mughal Empire.
The flag of the Mughal Empire.

The Mughal Empire-
Geography:
The empire stretched from the Hindu Kush Mountains to the bay of Bengal. In modern times it would have been the south side of Afghanistan to near the tip of India.
Religion:
The religion practiced was Hindu and Islam, they came together when one of the emperors showed religious tolerance and married a Hindu princess.
Achievements: The Mughal Empire is known for the Taj Mahal, the Pearl Mosque, and the Red Fort.
Politics: The cities of the Mughal Empire were mostly military and political centers.
Economy: Their economy grew through trade, trading for steel and textiles.
Social Structures:

Empires Game:
http://www.classtools.net/mob/quiz_89/Muslim_Empires_Game_p1Tnf.htm